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A photo taken in South Africa in the 1950s shows supporters of the African National Congress (ANC) gathering as part of a civil disobedience campaign to protest the apartheid regime of racial segregation. (Photo credit should read AFP/Getty Images) ( SAPA990412409490 )

A suspect is arrested and kept in a Ford police car as violence increased in East London, in November 1952. (AFP/Getty Images) ( ARP2088112 )

circa 1956: White children paddling in a pond marked by a sign reading 'For European Children Only'. (Photo by Three Lions/Getty Images) ( 97f/35/huty/7731/14 )

circa 1955: Signs in English and Afrikaans, in Wellington railway station, South Africa, enforcing the policy of apartheid or racial segregation. (Photo by Evans/Three Lions/Getty Images) ( 97i/21/huty/7105/51 )

ANC supporters give the thumb up as a prison van with anti-apartheid militants go to Johannesburg's courthouse, 28 December 1956. 152 anti-apartheid militants, in which Nelson Mandela, are on trial in Johannesburg. (OFF/AFP/Getty Images) ( ARP1662097 )

South African marines troops control black citizens, in Nyanga, near Cape Town, 02 April 1960. Despite the state of emergency, black protestors tried to march to Cape Town to demand the release of black leaders, arrested after the Sharpeville massacre, 21 March 1960. ( OFF/AFP/Getty Images) ( ARP1617186 )

A file photo dated 1961 of South African anti-apartheid leader and member of the African National Congress (ANC) Nelson Mandela. (STF/AFP/Getty Images) ( SAPA980703634870 )

Eight men, among them anti-apartheid leader and member of the African National Congress (ANC) Nelson Mandela, sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia trial leave the Palace of Justice in Pretoria 16 June 1964 with their fists raised in defiance through the barred windows of the prison car. The eight men were accused of conspiracy, sabotage and treason. (OFF/AFP/Getty Images) ( PAR2004060713154 )

African women demonstrate in front of the Law Courts in Pretoria, 16 June 1964, after the verdict of the Rivonia trial, in which eight men, among them anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela, were sentenced to life imprisonment. The eight men were accused of conspiracy, sabotage and treason. (OFF/AFP/Getty Images) ( PAR2004060713157 )

South African marines troops stop black protestors from marching to Cape Town, in Nyanga, 02 April 1960. Despite the state of emergency, black protestors tried to march to Cape Town to demand the release of black leaders, arrested after the Sharpeville massacre, 21 March 1960. (OFF/AFP/Getty Images) ( ARP1617187 )

A black child demonstrates to have his mother released, in May 1960 in front of Johannesburg's city hall. These last weeks, more than 500 native South Africans have been arrested, after the Sharpeville massacre, where at least 180 black Africans were injured and 69 killed when South African police opened fire on demonstrators, 21 March 1960. (OFF/AFP/Getty Images) ( ARP1617189 )

30,000 protestors march from Langa into Cape Town in South Africa, to demand the release of prisoners from the police station in Caledon Square, 30th March 1960. The prisoners were arrested for protesting against the segregationist pass laws. (Photo by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images) ( J159754601 )

Wounded people lie in the street, 21 March 1960 in Sharpeville, near Vereeniging, where at least 180 black Africans, most of them women and children, were injured and 69 killed, when South African police opened fire on black protestors. The protest was organized by the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) against pass laws, which required all blacks to carry pass books (identity cards) at all times. On 30 March 1960, the government declared a state of emergency, detaining more than 18,000 people. The Sharpeville massacre led to the banning of the ANC and PAC and signaled the start of armed resistance in South Africa with the foundation of Umkhonto we Sizwe, the military wing of the ANC, and Poqo, the military wing of the PAC. (STR/AFP/GettyImages) ( ARP1617180 )

Black South Africans jam a road in Cape Town, March 30, 1960, on their way to demonstrate in front of a police station in protest against the jailing of their leaders. Police arrested more than 100 leaders of political parties opposed to the government's racial policies in a series of pre-dawn raids. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Apartheid Protest 1960 )

These signs tell their own story of the divided society in South Africa, May 27, 1960 in Johannesburg. (AP Photo/Dennis Lee Royle) ( South Africa Apartheid 1960 )

Children sit on bench along waterfront in Durban, a big modern city on the Indian Ocean, May 27, 1960. Park benches like this are reserved for whites only. South African natives are not permitted to use them. (AP Photo/Dennis Lee Royle) ( South Africa Apartheid 1960 )

Led by the reverend Leslie Stradling, leaders of Methodist and Congregational churches held a protest rally in the Johannesburg Town Hall, May 20, 1964, to protest against South Africa's ninety-day law which enables police to detain and question suspects for up to 90 days without trial and be held in solitary confinement. (AP Photo/Dennis Lee Royle) ( South Africa Apartheid 1964 )

South African blacks burn government passes no longer required by them as new violence among the black population erupted at Orlando, near Johannesburg, South Africa, March 28, 1960. In violence centered around Johannesburg and Cape Town, police and Africans mixed when some blacks fought others of their race who insisted on going to work in defiance of a "Day of Mourning" for those killed by white police just a week ago. (AP Photo/Dennis Lee Royle) ( South Africa Apartheid 1960 )

Manny Laxton, a Johannesburg gunsmith, shows Delysia Scott, a Johannesburg housewife, how to handle a revolver at shooting range near Johannesburg, May 14, 1961. Many white women in South Africa are learning how to use firearms for self-protection in the event of racial unrest at the end of this month when South Africa becomes a republic outside the British Commonwealth. (AP Photo/Dennis Lee Royle) ( South Africa Apartheid 1961 )

South African police stand by blazing railway coaches set on fire by Africans after a train crash on the outskirts of Johannesburg, South Africa on August 1, 1966. Police reported five Africans in the crowded train were killed and 248 injured. The irate passengers stoned the white train crewmen, seriously injuring them, and set fire to some coaches. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Demonstrations Riots )

Professor J.P. Duminy, Vice Chancellor, foreground, of the Cape Town University (South Africa) is seen confronted by an angry demonstrating African students on Saturday, July 16, 1966 at the University College of Rhodesia, Salisbury, Zimbabwe. The flare-up started when white and black students clashed as a group of Africans tried to stop the graduation ceremony on the campus of the University, waving banners the students jostled whites around until they were finally broken up. During the ceremony they drowned white speakers be singing African nationalist songs. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Demonstrations Riots )

Bodies of dead and some wounded persons are left following the South African police's massacre of people in Sharpeville, South Africa, March 22, 1960. (AP Photo) ( Sharpeville Riot Aftermath 1960 )

Herb Callender, center foreground, an official of CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) hits the sidewalk in front of the U.S. Mission to the United Nations in New York, July 22, 1966, after he was thrown out of the building during attempt to stage a sit-in. The incident climaxed demonstration of pickets protesting U.S. relations with South Africa. (AP Photo/John Rooney) ( Anti Apartheid Protest )

A policeman carries a colored man "of mixed race" who was injured during rioting in Cape Town, South Africa on Friday, Sept. 10, 1976. The four-day riot death toll rose to at least 24 in Cape as Prime Minister Vorster secretary briefed political leaders in Pretoria on his strategy for racial peace in Southern Africa. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Demonstrations Riots )

Black youths race through the streets of Johannesburg, South Africa on Thursday, Sept. 23, 1976, fleeting police who fired shots to break up demonstrations against the government by roving mobs. In close it is a helmeted policeman, right, to have lost a leg of his action. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Demonstrations Riots )

Neighbors of South African Black Consciousness movement leader Steve Biko, who died while in police custody, slaughter sheep in a cabbage patch in Biko's back yard, Sept. 25, 1977, in preparation for his funeral in King Williams Town. (AP Photo/Matt Franjola) ( Steve Biko Funeral Preparations 1977 )

One black South African policeman lies dead on the ground, left, while another is aided by an unidentified man at right, after the two constables were stoned by an angry crowd at East London, South Africa on Sunday, Sept. 26, 1977. The second policeman died later in a hospital. The bloodshed followed an emotional funeral for black leader Steve Biko. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Demonstrations Riots )

June 21, 1976, over 100 people were killed and more than 1000 injured in South Africa following anti-apartheid protests in Soweto, near Johannesburg. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) ( 96f/14/kocd/3892/4sa06 )

Over 100 people were killed and more than 1000 injured in South Africa following anti-apartheid protests in Soweto, near Johannesburgh, June 21, 1976. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) ( 95b37/huch/1742/32 )

An apartheid notice on a beach near Capetown, denoting the area for whites only July 22, 1976. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) ( 96g08/hdpj/3427/372 )

A South African policeman collars a black student during rioting in Guguletu, near Cape Town, November 24, 1976. Deaths and mass detentions of black leaders by security police in outbreaks of violence since June have raised visions of a racial armageddon in South Africa, where four millions of white rule the destiny of 18 million blacks, 2.3 million coloreds, persons of mixed race, and 709,000 Asians. (AP Photo) ( Apartheid )

Blacks outside the courtroom wall and chant they have killed Steven Biko on Friday, Dec. 2, 1977 in South Africa, after a Magistrate ruled that no proof of criminal responsibility was found in the prison death of Steven Biko. In pre-dawn raids in the black township of Soweto, security police arrested six blacks including two relatives of Biko. Both had been attending the inquest regularly. (AP Photo) ( South Africa Demonstrations Riots )

Picture released on December 4, 1984 in Washington of South African activist and Anglican Archbishop and Nobel Peace Prize winner Desmond Tutu telling a House Subcommittee hearing on apartheid and crisis in South Africa. (DAVID TULLS/AFP/Getty Images) ( ARP3029365 )

Archibishop Desmond Tutu assited by Jakes Gerwel, rector of the University of the Western Cape, try to escape teargas fired by police, on August 23, 1989 after some of anti-apartheid activists emerged from a meeting in St Mary Magdalene, Gugulethu. (RASHID LOMBARD/AFP/GettyImages) ( ARP3304546 )

A procession on "National Day of Mourning" is led on Fifth Avenue in New York on Saturday, Oct. 5, 1985. Leaders in the procession are marching in protest of apartheid in South Africa. Marchers are from left: Oumarou G. Youssoufou, ambassador for the Organization of African Unity to the United Nations; New York's Mayor Ed Koch; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's Director Dr. Benjamin Hooks; and New York's Police Commissioner Benjamin Ward. The group made its way to an ecumenical prayer service at Patrick's Cathedral. (AP Photo/Rick Maiman) ( Ed Koch )

Anti-Apartheid activist Winnie Mandela, carrying her 2-year-old granddaughter Zondwa, arrives at Jan Smuts airport in Johannesburg, South Africa on Dec. 30, 1985. Mandela is intent on going back to her home in Soweto township in defiance of the ban that prohibits her from being in the area. She is arriving from Cape Town where she was visiting her husband, jailed leader of the ANC Nelson Mandela. (AP Photo/Greg English) ( WINNIE MANDELA )

Crossroads burning - Vast sections of the Crossroads squatter settlement near Cape Town, home to more than 100,000 people, lay in ruins on May 21, 1986, after four days of raging battles between rival black conservative vigilants and anti-apartheid militants. The death toll is said to have risen to 26 and as many as 50,000 were reported homeless. The U.S. ambassador to South Africa, Herman Nickel called it " a human disaster of major proportions". (AP-Photo/Argus) 21.5.1986 ( SOUTH AFRICA, CROSSROADS BURNING )

Graffiti that appeared, Friday, Feb. 17, 1989, Parktown, north of Johannesburg, South Africa. Mrs. Winnie Mandela, wife of jailed African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela, has been in the spotlight recently because of her involvement with a group of bodyguards known as The Mandela United football Club. Members of the club allegedly abducted and killed a youth at Mrs. Mandela's home in Soweto. (AP Photo) ( Mandela Graffiti 1989 )

Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, Desmond Tutu (center) jogs along a whites only beach at the Strand, Saturday Sept. 30, 1989 with a crowd of supporters near Cape Town, as church organizations continued their campaign of defiance against Apartheid laws. (AP Photo/Adil Bradlow) ( ARCHBISHOP DESMOND TUTU )

Rev. Bishop Desmond Tutu greets a crowd of 10,000 people with his hands held high during a rally at the Greek Theater on the University of California at Berkeley campus, May 14, 1985. Tutu praised the students for their opposition to apartheid in South Africa. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg) ( Desmond Tutu )

Black activist, Mrs. Winnie Mandela, raises a clenched fist after appearing briefly in the Johannesburg Magistrate's Court, Monday, Jan. 22, 1986. Mrs. Mandela, who was held by police in Soweto on Sunday for defying her banning order, was released on her own recognizance's and ordered to appear in the Krugersdorp Magistrate's Court, west of Johannesburg. (AP Photo/Greg English) ( Winnie Mandela 1986 )

A jubilant Sowetan holds up February 11,1990 in Soweto, a newspaper announcing the release of anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela, at a mass ANC rally. South African President de Klerk lifted February 2, 1980 the 30-year-old ban on the ANC and the South African Communikst Party, and 11 February, Nelson Mandela walked out of Victor Vester prison, near Cape Town, after 26 year since he was sentenced to life imprisonment. (TREVOR SAMSON/AFP/Getty Images) ( APP2001021713857 )

Young boys try to see anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela at Orlando soccer stadium 12 February 1990 whilst thousands of Sowetans wait for him. Mandela arrived in Johannesburg this evening but has not been to Soweto yet. ( ALEXANDER JOE/AFP/GettyImages) ( APP1999091629883 )

Jubilant inhabitants of Soweto attend a mass african National Congress (ANC) rally to be addressed by freed anti-apartheid leader and African National Congress (ANC) member Nelson Mandela at Orlando stadium in Soweto, 12 February 1990. It's the first rally Nelson Mandela held since his release from jail, 11 February 1990. The rally was originally called for to celebrate the unbanning of the ANC but turned out to be a celebration for the release from jail of Nelson Mandela. (PHILIP LITTLETON/AFP/GettyImages) ( ARP1576224 )

A picture taken on February 11, 1990 shows Nelson Mandela (C) and his then-wife Winnie raising their fists and saluting cheering crowd upon Mandela's release from the Victor Verster prison near Paarl. Rolihlahla Dalibhunga Mandela, affectionately known by his clan name "Madiba", became commander-in-chief of Umkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation), the armed underground wing of the African National Congress, in 1961, and the following year underwent military training in Algeria and Ethiopia. After more than a year underground, Mandela was captured by police and sentenced in 1964 to life in prison during the Rivonia trial, where he delivered a speech that was to become the manifesto of the anti-apartheid movement. Mandela started his prison years in the notorious Robben Island Prison, a maximum security prison on a small island 7Km off the coast near Cape Town. In April 1984 he was transferred to Pollsmoor Prison in Cape Town and in December 1988 he was moved the Victor Verster Prison near Paarl. While in prison, Mandela flatly rejected offers made by his jailers for remission of sentence in exchange for accepting the bantustan policy by recognizing the independence of the Transkei and agreeing to settle there. Again in the 'eighties Mandela rejected an offer of release on condition that he renounce violence. Prisoners cannot enter into contracts. Only free men can negotiate, he said, according to ANC reports. ( ALEXANDER JOE/AFP/Getty Images) ( Par3042759 )